Changes in the Microbial Composition of the Rhizosphere of Hop Plants Affected by Verticillium Wilt Caused by Verticillium nonalfalfae

Verticillium wilt is a devastating disease affecting many crops, including hops. This study aims to describe fungal and bacterial populations associated with bulk rhizosphere soils in hop field cultivated Slovenia the Celeia variety, which highly susceptible nonalfalfae. As both healthy diseased plants coexist same field, we focused this on detection of putative differences microbial communities two types plants. Bacterial were characterized by sequencing V4 region 16S rRNA gene, whereas ITS2 was performed for communities. The community dominated phyla Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota, Planctomycetota, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadota, Verrucomicrobiota, are typically found crop throughout world. At level, Fusarium sp. dominant taxon soils. levels very low all samples analyzed could only be detected qPCR underwent important changes respect where significant increases potentially beneficial fungi such as basidiomycetes Ceratobasidium Mycena sp., zygomycete Mortierella member Glomeralles observed. However, experienced decrease pathogenic that can affect root system, Thanatephorus cucumeris (the teleomorph Rhizoctonia solani) Calyptella